ADVERBIAL CLAUSES:

Kinds of adverbial clauses

1.Time Clauses:
oUsual conjunction: when, before, after, since, while, as, until
oFunction: These clauses are used to say when something happens by referring to a period of time or to another event.
oExample:
Her father died when she was young.

2.Conditional clauses:
oUsual conjunction: if, unless
oFunction: These clauses are used to talk about a possible situation and its consequences.
oExample:
If they lose weight during an illness, they soon regain it afterwards.

3.Purpose clauses:
oUsual conjunction : in order to, so that, in order that
oFunction: These clauses are used to indicate the purpose of an action.
oExample:
They had to take some of his land so that they could extend the churchyard.
4.Reason clauses:
oUsual conjunction: because, since, as, given
oFunction: These clauses are used to indicate the reason for something.
oExample:
I couldn't feel anger against him because I liked him too much.

5.Result clauses:
oUsual conjunction: so..that
oFunction: These clauses are used to indicate the result of something.
oExample:
My suitcase had become so damaged on the journey home that the lid would not stay closed.

6.Concessive clauses:
oUsual conjunction: although, though, while
oFunction: These clauses are used to make two statements, one of which contrasts with the other or makes it seem surprising.
oExample:
I used to read a lot although I don't get much time for books now

7.Place clauses:
oUsual conjunction: where, wherever
oFunction: These clauses are used to talk about the location or position of something.
oExample:
He said he was happy where he was.

8.Clauses of manner:
oUsual conjunction: as, like, the way
oFunction: These clauses are used to talk about someone's behaviour or the way something is done.
oExample:
I was never allowed to do things the way I wanted to do them.

9.Clauses of exclamations:
oUsual conjunction: what a(an), how, such, so
oFunction: Exclamations are used to express anger, fear, shock, surprise etc. They always take an exclamation mark (!).
oExample:
What horrible news!
How fast she types!
You lucky man!


ADVERBS:

ADVERBS

However, this is NOT a reliable way to find out whether a word is an adverb or not, for two reasons: many adverbs do NOT end in -LY (some are the same as the adjective form), and many words which are NOT adverbs DO end in -LY (such as kindly, friendly, elderly and lonely, which are adjectives). Here are some examples of adverbs which are the same as adjectives:

Adjective Adverb

fast fast

late late

early early

The best way to tell if a word is an adverb is to try making a question, for which the answer is the word. If the question uses how, where or when, then the word is probably an adverb. Here is an example:

Word in context Question Adverbs

John plays tennis aggressively. How does John play tennis? Yes–uses HOW.

They have a small house. What kind of house do they have? No-uses What..

Steven called the police When did Steven call the police? Yes-uses when
immediately.


Student Name: Diana Carazas
Course: A06